Trending claims

Freedom involves positive liberty vs negative liberty

Often posits existence of moderate system as existing between two extremes

Study of German voters found at least four dimensions were required to adequately represent all political parties

At that time it was called free trade vs protectionism

Distinction corresponds to utopian versus dystopian spectrum used in some theoretical assessments of liberalism book's title is borrowed from work of anti-utopian classic-liberal theorist Karl Popper

Council communism is political philosophy that would be counted as communitarian on this axis but is not totalitarian or undemocratic

During early history of Commonwealth of Australia this was major political continuum

Political violence involves pacifism vs militancy

International action involves multilateralism versus unilateralism

During Cold War parties often had to choose position on scale between pro-American and pro-Soviet Union

Participation involves democracy vs aristocracy vs tyranny

Ancient Greek philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle recognized tyranny as state in which tyrant is ruled by utter passion not reason

Change involves radical revolutionaries vs progressives vs liberals vs conservatives vs radical reactionaries

Urban vs rural axis is significant in Europe Australia and Canada politics today

Diversity involves multiculturalism vs assimilationism or nationalism

These labels are preferred to loaded language of totalitarianism vs libertarianism because one can have political focus on community without being totalitarian and undemocratic

In 1998 political author Virginia Postrel in her book The Future and Its Enemies offered another single-axis spectrum that measures views of future contrasting stasists and dynamists

In late 18th and early 19th century United States it would have been described as conflict between Hamiltonian Federalists and Jeffersonian Republicans

According to political philosopher Charles Blattberg in his essay Political Philosophies and Political Ideologies those who would respond to conflict with conversation should be considered on left with negotiation as in centre and with force as on right

Spatial model of voting plots voters and candidates in multi-dimensional space where each dimension represents single political issue sub-component of issue or candidate attribute