Politics

The 12-day war in June, which saw the United States join Israel in bombing Iran, was the culmination of four decades of mistrust, antipathy, and confrontation.

Since its inception in 1979, the Islamic Republic has not wavered in its anti-Americanism, and the United States has unfailingly responded by exerting greater pressure on Iran.

If the snapback provision expires on Termination Day without sanctions being reimposed, the Security Council will lose its last viable mechanism to penalize Iran for nuclear violations.

The United States should lead efforts to extend the snapback mechanism for six months.

Iran retaliated by limiting inspections conducted by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

The United States should seize the initiative and press both its European allies and Iran to extend the snapback mechanism.

Snapback itself emerged as a unique innovation of the JCPOA, as a way to automatically bring back old UN sanctions if Iran was found to be violating its commitments.

On August 28, Britain, France, and Germany (the E3) formally declared Iran in 'significant non-performance' of its nuclear obligations under the Iran nuclear deal.

Within the next thirty days, all prior UN sanctions will be reimposed on Iran—known as the snapback mechanism—unless an agreement that satisfies all five veto-wielding Security Council members can be reached.

The E3’s timing is deliberate for two reasons.

Resolution 2231, which codified the 2015 JCPOA, allows any participant state to declare Iran in “significant non-performance.”

The E3 offered a one-time six-month extension of the snapback deadline if Iran met conditions such as restoring IAEA monitoring and accounting for enriched uranium stockpiles.

Iran remains convulsed by internal political divides, economic crises, and the lingering fallout from Israel’s and the United States’ strikes on key nuclear facilities.

The decision, immediately endorsed by the United States, marks a sharp escalation in Europe’s effort to constrain Tehran.

On Oct. 18, the E3’s legal capacity to trigger snapback unilaterally will expire.

On Aug. 28, the United Kingdom, France, and Germany (the “E3”) announced they will trigger the “snapback” mechanism under United Nations Security Council (UNSC) Resolution 2231.

U.S. officials should avoid any further statements calling into question whether Iran could reconstitute its nuclear program.

The Trump administration initially claimed that the nuclear program was 'totally obliterated'.

Mr. Miran said “no,” signaling to the senator that he would not automatically depart.

Mr. Miran said, he would not “maintain access” to his White House email, but would continue to consult with the Council of Economic Advisers “to the extent appropriate for a member of the Fed.”