Politics

Not all historians agree with this identification considering it debatable or false biased by a pejorative political position

Raanan Rein maintains Perón was not a fascist and this characterization was imposed because of his stance against US hegemony

Russian fascism has statism and hypernationalism

On 7 October 2020 Athens Appeals Court announced verdicts for 68 defendants including the party's political leadership

Guilty verdicts were delivered on charges of murder attempted murder and violent attacks on immigrants and left-wing political opponents

Marlene Laruelle contends in Is Russia Fascist? that the accusation of "fascist" has evolved into a strategic narrative of the existing world order

Alexander J Motyl says Russian fascism has the following characteristics

Fascist groups began coalescing around Donald Trump's right-wing populism after his election.

National Democratic Party of Germany (NPD) is widely considered a neo-Nazi party though it does not publicly identify as such

In 2013 after the murder of an anti-fascist musician by a person with links to Golden Dawn the Greek government ordered the arrest of Golden Dawn's leader Nikolaos Michaloliakos and other members on charges related to being associated with a criminal organization

Andreas Umland said genuine fascists in Russia like Vladimir Zhirinovsky and Aleksandr Dugin describe in their writings a completely new Russia controlling parts of the world never under tsarist or Soviet domination

Experts on fascism say Russia cannot be classified as a fascist state because its government is more reactionary than revolutionary.

Oleg Orlov claimed Russia under Vladimir Putin descended into fascism and the army is committing mass murder in 2023.

Many U.S. Neo-Nazi groups moved towards more decentralized organization and online social networks with a terroristic focus in the 21st century.

Jean-Yves Camus and Nicolas Lebourg say neo-fascist ideology emerged in 1942 after Nazi Germany invaded USSR and reoriented propaganda on Europeanist ground

Italian Social Movement led by Giorgio Almirante was a major neo-fascist movement in Italy transforming into the National Alliance

In the 1930s the National Socialist Movement of Chile gained seats in Chile's parliament and attempted a coup d'état that resulted in the Seguro Obrero massacre of 1938

In Peru the Revolutionary Union was a fascist political party which was in power 1931 to 1933

A variety of para-fascist governments that borrowed elements from fascism were formed during the Great Depression including those of Greece Lithuania Poland and Yugoslavia

During the 6 February 1934 crisis France faced the greatest domestic political turmoil since the Dreyfus Affair when the fascist Francist Movement and multiple far-right movements rioted en masse in Paris against the French government resulting in major political violence